The world’s first department of sociology was founded at the University of Chicago in 1892. Millions of dollars from the Rockefeller foundation were used to lure some of the most distinguished scholars to Chicago. The Chicago School of sociology, under the charismatic leadership of Robert E. Park, acquired paradigmatic status.…
Learn More in these related Britannica articles: After the Battle of Bunker Hill (June 17, 1775), General George Washington assumed command of American forces, while, in October of that year, General William Howe succeeded Gage as British commander. Fighting remained stalemated for months, with both sides hesitant to attack. Alternative…
Kanem-Bornu. Kanem-Bornu, African trading empire ruled by the Sef (Sayf) dynasty that controlled the area around Lake Chad from the 9th to the 19th century. Its territory at various times included what is now southern Chad, northern Cameroon, northeastern Nigeria, eastern Niger, and southern Libya. Alternative Titles: Borno, Bornu, Kanem.…
Battle of Saint-Mihiel, (12–16 September 1918), Allied victory and the first U.S.-led offensive in World War I. The Allied attack against the Saint-Mihiel salient provided the Americans with an opportunity to use their forces on the Western Front en masse. The attack on the Saint-Mihiel salient on 12 September gave…
Created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino, the Legion is a group of superpowered beings living in the 30th and 31st centuries of the DC Comics Universe, and first appears in Adventure Comics #247 (April 1958). Who’s the leader of Legion of Super-Heroes? This was because stories of…
Fall of Saigon: South Vietnam surrenders The South Vietnamese stronghold of Saigon (now known as Ho Chi Minh City) falls to People’s Army of Vietnam and the Viet Cong on April 30, 1975. The South Vietnamese forces had collapsed under the rapid advancement of the North Vietnamese. The most recent…
The Jesuits, or the Society of Jesus, to use the official title, grew out of six student companions gathered by Ignatius of Loyola at the University of Paris in the 1530s. It was founded by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions with the approval of Pope Paul III in 1540.…
Vasco da Gama’s name has figured in all history books, whether they relate to World, European,1 Asian or Indian history,2 as a great sailor and adventurer. He has been solely credited with the honour of having discovered the sea-route from Europe to India via the Cape of Good Hope. Painting…
Muslim Arabs Muslim non-Arabs (clients of the Muslim Arabs) Dhimmis (non-Muslim free persons such as Christians,Jews and Zoroastrians) Slaves Why was the Umayyad dynasty overthrown? Non-Arabs were treated as second-class citizens regardless of whether or not they converted to Islam, and this discontent cutting across faiths and ethnicities ultimately led…
Although the early Greek philosopher Democritus hypothesized the existence of atoms, it was not until the late 1800s that English physician J.J. Thomson proposed a model for the atom. J.J. Thomson discovered the atom because of his discovery of the electron, which was a very significant discovery in the field…